Lab values and their meanings acknowledgement the lpn lab values manual was first compiled in response to a lack of information in the form of a quick reference manual for licensed practical nurses in 2008. Laboratory testing vitamin testing is appropriately used to assess nutritional status deficiency, sufficiency, or toxicity of particular individual vitamins or vitamers. Pdf reference values for serum folate and vitamin b 12 in a. Vitamin a is important for normal vision, the immune system, and reproduction. Vitamin a is useful for diagnosis of vitamin a deficiency and toxicity. Vitamin a fact sheet for consumers nih office of dietary. Thiamine also known as vitamin b1, is classified as a bcomplex vitamin. Vitamin and mineral requirements in human nutrition. Interestingly, holotc levels off, whereas total vitamin b12 continues to increase in the groups of patients without vitamin b12 deficiency as judged by mma values 60% reduction in all cancers lappe et al. Vitamin e is a fatsoluble vitamin that acts as an antioxidant and freeradical scavenger in lipophilic environments.
Lab work can help assess and diagnose patients with both acute and chronic illness. Vitamin analysis 601 which have vitaminlike activities in some species and situations. Recommended lab tests after bariatric surgery the 1st group every 3 to 6 months for life, as we are able. Cobalamin is synthesized by bacteria and is found in soil and in contaminated water. Biochemical altered lab values, anthropometrics weight gain, physical findings changes in appetite, taste, gi function, nutrition hx inconsistent intake, fish oils and prolonged bleeding, coumadin and vitamink, highfat and statins, iron supplements and constipation. Animalbased foods can provide some vitamin d in the form of 25ohd, which appears to be approximately five times more potent than the parent vitamin in raising. Laboratory tests reference ranges 1,25dihydroxyvitamin d 1,25dihydroxycholecalciferol, serum see vitamin d metabolites 17hydroxyprogesterone, serum female, follicular. Knowing the different normal lab values is an important step in making an informed clinical decision as a nurse.
This test is done to check if you have too much or too little vitamin a in your blood. The purpose of the investigation reported here was to measure. See vitamin d metabolites 17hydroxyprogesterone, serum female, follicular. Vitamin e requires bile for absorption, and 25% of it is absorbed orally. Values below 30ngml should be treated with prescription vitamin d and labs rechecked after 8 week treatment. Vitamin a deficiency visual tests for measuring vitamin a. Thiamine is naturally present in some foods, added to some food products and available as a dietary supplement. In fact, there are multiple agencies all with slightly different opinions on what levels are deficient, insufficient, sufficient, high, or toxic.
Schilling test oral administration of radioactive cobalaminlabeled vitamin b12 8. The majority of 25oh vitamin d 25d in the circulation is derived from the conversion of 7dehydrocholesterol in the skin that is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation in the uvb range wavelength 290 nm to 315 nm. Vitamin b1, thiamine test test results, normal range. More than 60,000 instances of vitamin toxicity are reported annually to us poison control centers.
Vitamin a also helps the heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs work properly. These are our most popular vitamin and mineral tests. Specific stipulations apply for specimens reference values use of test results. The vitamin is stored in adipose tissue, liver, and muscle. Nursing exam cram sheet for the nclexrn the final mountain that nursing students must summit before becoming a registered nurse is the nclex. Improvement in the agreement between laboratories and methods is expected as laboratories. The laboratory evaluation of possible vitamin b 12 deficiency is often prompted by the presence of macrocytic anemia. The clients current laboratory values are compared to the normal laboratory values, as above, in order to determine the physiological status of the client and to compare the current values during treatment to the laboratory values taken prior to a treatment. The body uses its vitamin b12 stores very economically, reabsorbing vitamin b12 from the ileum and returning it to the liver. Reference ranges were established using healthy fasting volunteers who abstained from vitamin supplementation for 24 hours prior to draw.
Vitamin d is a nutrient that is essential for healthy bones and teeth. Testing is recommended only for patients at risk for vitamin d insufficiency. There are two forms of vitamin d that are important for nutrition. Vitamin d 2 and d 3 are equally effective when they are converted by the liver and the kidney into the active form, 1,25dihydroxyvitamin d.
Vitamin d vitamin d calciferol comprises a group of fat soluble secosterols found. A low vitamin a blood test result indicates that all reserves have been depleted and the person is deficient. Common laboratory values laboratory tests are an integral part of every day practice within health care. Because 25ohd is the predominant circulating form of vitamin d in the normal population, it is considered to be the most reliable index of peoples vitamin d status 5. In humans, only a small amount of 25ohd is metabolized in the kidney to other dihydroxy metabolites 3, 4. Additionally, after completing this module, you will be able to discuss reasons why these common lab values may be either elevated or decreased. Identify laboratory values for abgs ph, po2, pco2, sao2, hco3, bun, cholesterol total glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin, glycosylated. Low vitamin d suggests poor calcium absorption and vitamin d deficiency that can lead to osteomalacia. The 2nd group annually, as long as the first year results were comfortably within normal limits. This vitamin plays a critical role in energy metabolism and, therefore, in.
Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. I like the idea of having to combine multiple vitamin products in one take without losing the time quality and cost of the product. If you have ever had your level of vitamin d tested, depending on which lab you used, your report showing whether your level is low, normal, or high might have left you scratching your head. The effects of vitamin c on medical tests natural health. Pdf reference values for serum levels of folic acid and vitamin. Normal values range from 15 to 60 micrograms per deciliter mcgdl or 0. Some tests do not distinguish d 2 and d 3 forms of the vitamin and report only the total result. Evaluating persons with intestinal malabsorption of lipids. Use the drop down menu below to jump to a specific section. Strictly speaking, vitamin b 12 refers to only cyanocobalamin, but several other cobalamins have identical nutritional properties, and in the hematology literature, the terms cobalamin cbl and vitamin b 12 are used interchangeably. A high vitamin a blood level typically indicates that the capacity to store vitamin a has been exceeded and excess vitamin a is now circulating in the blood and may be deposited in other tissue, leading to toxicity. According to national health and nutrition examination survey nhanes data, in 20032006 33% of the united states population aged 1 year and older took a multivitamin supplement in a given month.
Since 1970, when linus pauling first publicized vitamin cs role in helping the body fight the common cold, many individuals have made taking large doses of. Thanks to vitaminlab, i can now enjoy the leisure of having multiple vitamins on the go while avoiding getting sick. Common laboratory blood tests such as thyroxine, tsh, t4, and t3 are done to evaluate thyroid function. Diagnostic and laboratory tests are tools that provide invaluable insights and information about the patient. Vitaming b6pyridoxal 5phosphate level reported in mcgl. Holotranscobalamin, a marker of vitamin b12 status. Blood tests in the assessment of nutritional status an.
Vitamin d 3 is the form produced in the body and is also used in some supplements. Vitamin b6 assay general information lab order codes. In addition, ascorbic acids watersolubility means that a significant amount of vitamin c present in a food. Vitamin b12 metabolismrelated lab values vegan health. The provision of safe, efficient and competent care was the catalyst to offer a quick resource tool that would assist nurses in. These conditions are uncommon in the united states. Thyroid studies normal lab values thyroid studies are performed if a thyroid disorder is suspected. Vitamin supplementation and nonfasting specimens may result in elevated plasma vitamin concentrations.
Vitamin b12 and folate deficiencies, liver disease and hypothyroidism. Vitamin b12 metabolismrelated lab values serum b12 is measured in both pmoll and pgml with a conversion factor of 1. Hematology absolute neutrophil count male 17805380l 1. Useful for determining vitamin b6 status, including persons who present. Kit reference range obtained from manufacturers instructions for. Laboratory diagnosis of vitamin b12 and folate deficiency. Nutritional assessment vitamin testing october 24, 2016 medical director analytic biochemistry, calculi and manual chemistry, mass spectrometry. Vitamins, minerals, and lab values flashcards quizlet. In humans, it is obtained only from animal proteins and requires intrinsic factor if for absorption. Simpler and faster methods to measure vitamin d in foods are needed, as are food standard reference materials with certified values for vitamin d to ensure accurate measurements. Since vitamin c is easily oxidized, storage and the cooking in air leads to the eventual oxidation of vitamin c by oxygen in the atmosphere. Vitamin d2 mainly comes from fortified foods like breakfast cereals, milk, and other dairy items. Vitamin d3 is made by your own body when you are exposed to sunlight.
The comprehensive vitamin panel includes testing the blood for vitamins. Vitamin b12 cobalamin is necessary for hematopoiesis and normal neuronal function. Development of malnutrition intake lower than required. In this section of the nclexrn examination, you will be expected to demonstrate your knowledge and skills of laboratory values in order to. The actual level at which vitamin c is excessive has not been defined. Effect of the inflammatory response on trace element and vitamin status. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Relevant demographics and physical examination parameters were taken as well as blood samples for laboratory tests.
Lab tests are used to help confirm a diagnosis, monitor an illness, and the patients response to treatment. Laboratory values see inside back cover for continuation. Although many vitamins occur in several distinct forms in biological. Vitamin a is a fatsoluble vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. Vitamin lab tests measure blood or urine levels of various vitamins, and are helpful in diagnosing vitamin deficiencies or an excess or overabundance of particular vitamins. Method folate and vitamin b12 levels were measured in 141 healthy blood.